英语语言学真题集合

语言学的资料很少，看完书后想找些习题或往年试题做做，可以起到练兵，巩固所看书本知识的作用。我收集了一些高校语言学的往年试题供大家参考，讨论，交流一下做题的感受，也希望大家可以把自己所考学校的往年试题发表在上面，给大家一起讨论(点击阅读全文）
1 one of the main features of our human language is arbitrariness .can you briefly explain what is this feature refers to ? give examples if necessary(10 points). <北师大2003年试题）
2 in english we can describe a story as "a successful story" or "a success story ".do you think they mean the same ? please explain and give your reasons(10 points) ,<同上》
3 expain the following terms ,giving examples where necessary.(50 points) <中山2003》  design feature   macrolinguistics  vowel  minimal pair   folk etymology  aspect    anopho  r  error analysisr   metaphor
4 language can change through blending ,metanalysis ,back-formation, analogical creation and borrowing.give two english words for each of them (5 points) 清华2000年试题 
5 answer the following question briefly.clearly,grammatically and correctly.(10 points ) 湖南师大2003年
what is it wrong to assume that the meaning of a  sentence is  the sum of the meaning of the words which compose it ?
7 define the following terms.(10 points) 中国海洋大学1999
phoneme ,consonant,morpheme,lexicon,syntax,endocentric construction,semantics,hyponymy ,language ,design feature
8 define the following terms .(20 points) 苏州大学1997
allophone  morpheme assimilation  internal authority  interlanguage   phatic  communion
closed-class word   government  semantica triangic   lingua franca
what is the main grammatical difference between a  sentence and a clause ? 同上
6 translate into chinese and exemplify each of the following.(10 points )
example : dialectal synonyms
answer , 方言同义词， fall and autumn are dialectal synonyms .
  homography    homophony    gradable opposites   endocentric constuction  
exocentric construction
9 大连外国语学院1992年语言学全部试题 100 points
  list the six important characteristics of human language .
  what are the types of morphemes ?
  illustrate  the deep and surface structures .
  what do u know about the semantic features ?
  how does language change ?
10  words in our mental lexicon are known to be related to one another .discuss the relationships between words ,using examples from the english language .(15 points ) 北外2003年试题
11 what do you think are the similarities and dissimilarities between learning a first and a second language? ( 30 points)  同上